Prepare the Tart Crust: Start by cubing 3/4 cup of unsalted butter and placing it into the freezer for 20 to 30 minutes until it’s ice cold. Once chilled, place the butter in a food processor along with 1 3/4 cups of all-purpose flour and 1/4 tsp of salt. Pulse together for a few minutes until the mixture resembles fine crumbs.
With the food processor running, gradually add 1/4 cup of cold water and mix until a dough ball forms, approximately for 30 seconds. Carefully remove the dough, place it on a sheet of plastic wrap, and shape it into a disk. Wrap well and refrigerate for at least 1 hour to let it rest.
Preheat the Oven: Once the dough is chilled, preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C) and prepare a 9-inch tart tin. Lightly flour a work surface and rolling pin.
Roll out the chilled dough into a circle about 1/4-inch thick, leaving 1 to 1 1/2 inches of dough around the edge. Gently roll the dough onto the rolling pin and then unroll it into the tart tin. Press the dough into the bottom and sides of the pan evenly, and pierce the bottom with a fork. Optionally, you can shape leftover dough into decorative leaves for the tart top.
Prepare the Tart Filling: Spread 1 cup of apple butter evenly over the prepared crust. Thinly slice 3 to 4 large apples using a sharp knife or mandoline, and fan out 5 to 6 slices at a time, arranging them from the edge of the tart inward.
Combine 2 tbsp of lemon juice, 2 tsp of cornstarch, and the spices (1 tsp ground cinnamon, 1/4 tsp nutmeg, 1/4 tsp all-spice, and a sprinkle of ground cloves) in a small bowl. Sprinkle this mixture over the apple slices, along with 2 to 3 tbsp of sugar.
Bake the Tart: Place the tart in the preheated oven and bake for 45 to 50 minutes, until the apples are softened and golden brown. Once done, remove from the oven and let cool for 15 to 20 minutes before serving.