Heat oil: In a large pot, heat 3 tablespoons of extra-virgin olive oil over medium heat.
Sauté onion and carrots: Add 1 medium yellow onion (finely chopped) and 3/4 cup finely chopped carrots. Cook for about 7-8 minutes, stirring occasionally, until they soften and the onion turns translucent.
Add the aromatics: Stir in 2 tablespoons of tomato paste, 3 minced garlic cloves, 1 teaspoon of fennel seeds, and 1 teaspoon of ground coriander. Cook for an additional 2 minutes until fragrant.
Add lentils and herbs: Incorporate 1 cup of green lentils and 2 teaspoons of chopped fresh rosemary into the mixture. Cook for about 1 minute to toast the lentils slightly.
Add liquids: Pour in 4 cups of vegetable broth and 2 cups of water. Toss in 1 bay leaf along with 1/2 teaspoon of kosher salt and cracked black pepper to taste. Bring the mixture to a boil.
Simmer: Once boiling, cover the pot partially and reduce the heat to a simmer. Let it cook for 25-30 minutes until the lentils are tender yet still hold their shape.
Add greens and cheese: Stir in 2 cups of chopped lacinato kale (or spinach) and 1/2 cup of grated Parmesan cheese (or 1/4 cup nutritional yeast for a vegan option). Cook for another 2-3 minutes until the greens are wilted and tender.
Finish with vinegar: Remove the bay leaf, add 2 teaspoons of sherry vinegar (or red wine vinegar), and stir to combine just before serving. Enjoy!