Prepare the Shrimp: Finely chop the 1 lb. shrimp or pulse them in a food processor until coarsely ground. Be careful not to over-process; you want some texture in the shrimp cakes.
Mix the Ingredients: In a large mixing bowl, combine the chopped shrimp, 1 beaten egg, 3/4 cup panko breadcrumbs, 2/3 cup chopped red bell pepper, 1/2 cup chopped shallots, 3 Tbsp. fresh chopped cilantro, 3 Tbsp. mayonnaise, 1 Tbsp. lime juice, 1 Tbsp. fish sauce, 1 Tbsp. + 1 tsp. Thai sweet chili sauce, and 1 tsp. chili-garlic sauce. Mix well until all ingredients are evenly distributed.
Chill the Mixture: Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and refrigerate for about 15 minutes. This helps the flavors meld and makes the mixture easier to handle.
Make the Aioli: While the shrimp mixture chills, prepare the chili aioli. In another bowl, whisk together 1/2 cup mayonnaise, 2 Tbsp. Thai sweet chili sauce, 1 Tbsp. lime juice, 1 tsp. chili-garlic sauce, and 1 tsp. sesame oil until smooth. Set aside in the refrigerator until serving.
Form the Patties: After the shrimp mixture has chilled, take it out of the refrigerator. Wet your hands slightly to prevent sticking, and form the mixture into 8 patties. Coat each patty in the remaining 3/4 cup panko breadcrumbs, pressing gently to adhere.
Cook the Patties: In a large skillet, heat 3 Tbsp. olive or avocado oil over medium heat. Once hot, carefully add the patties to the skillet in batches (do not overcrowd). Cook for about 4-5 minutes per side, or until golden brown and crispy. Transfer cooked patties to a paper towel-lined plate to drain excess oil.
Serve: Serve the shrimp cakes hot with the prepared chili aioli and garnish with fresh herbs like cilantro. Enjoy the delightful flavors!